Steel tip darts are the originals, the darts that everyone used up until the 1990's when soft tip darts came on the scene in a big way. Steel tip darts are also the choice of all the big money tournaments, like the Las Vegas Classic and the British Lakeside competition. There is some animosity toward the soft tip darters from the traditionalist darters who believe that the only true darts game uses steel tip darts and Sisal dart boards.
As the name suggests the tips of steel tip darts are steel with a sharpened point so they can stick into sisal or paper or even a wooden dart board. The steel tip has had some innovations over the years, like the Bottelsen No Bounce out darts that had the trademark Hammerhead system in the grip whereby the tip can retract slightly into the body of the dart absorbing the sharp impact if a dart hit the wire or staple on the dartboard allowing the forward momentum to push the dart past the obstacle and stick into the board.
Black widow darts had a similar system called a movable point that also had the added advantage of allowing the body of the dart to swivel around the tip achieving the same effect as spinning shafts i.e. if a dart hits the flight of a "widow" dart that is in the dart board, the barrel can rotate so moving the flight and that reduces the deflection of the dart coming into the board.
The other big advance is the material used in the manufacture of darts these days. Tungsten has all but taken over as the material of choice for the body of the dart, with its superior density to traditional brass, the same weight of dart can be made much thinner, increasing the chances of getting three in a bed and that 180 score.
The tips are obviously different for the two types of dart, but the other parts like the shaft, flights etc are the same. The weight of the darts is the other difference. Steel tip darts can go up to 50 gm, but are normally in the 18 - 28 gm range, but soft tip darts only go to 20 gm to protect the delicate electronics.
As for maintenance of your steel tips, be sure to keep the point sharp, either by rubbing the tip on some grinding paper or using the shaped carborundum stone you can get specifically to keep steel tips sharp. If you are really flash, you can get battery-operated sharpeners that can do it for you, guaranteeing the correct angle to your point as well.
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